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21.
非接触光学测量方法,可作为空间站太阳电池翼等大型航天器柔性部件在轨模态分析的一种潜在手段。为合理布置相机的拍摄工位及视角,有效捕捉靶标运动的位移及方向,提出了利用轨控或姿控激励下柔性附件瞬态响应的结构动力学仿真结果,结合计算机图形学仿真技术,预示虚拟靶标运动过程成像及其位移重构效果,从而对测量有效性做出判断的实验方案评价方法,并通过仿真实验对其可行性进行了验证。该方法可发展为航天器在轨模态测量的计算机辅助优化工具,能充分利用结构动力学仿真成果,弥补大型柔性部件地面实验的不足。 相似文献
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基于叶端定时非接触式测量和振动响应传递比的概念,开展高速旋转叶片动应变重构方法的研究。在频域内推导了叶片任意测点位移与任意测点动应变的传递比,给出了单模态共振下响应传递比关于位移和应变模态振型的解析表达式;建立旋转叶片的三维(3D)有限元模型,开展考虑旋转预应力效应的叶片模态分析,提取位移和应变模态振型,获得任意转速下叶端位移与叶根关键点动应变的传递比。开展高速旋转叶片叶端定时非接触式测量实验,采用周向傅里叶算法对叶端定时信号进行处理,获得叶片在不同转速单模态共振下的叶端位移,结合响应传递比,重构5个旋转叶片的关键点动应变。结果表明:旋转叶片在9000r/min和13000r/min转速下发生1阶共振时,与应变片实测结果相比,叶根处应力最大点、次大点和边缘点3个关键点的动应变平均重构误差均小于15%,验证了旋转叶片动应变重构方法的有效性。 相似文献
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基于PIV技术的单圆孔脉冲射流流场特征 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对稳态射流及脉冲射流冲击靶板时的流场特性结构进行了探索和分析。采用高频粒子图像测速技术,在射流管口到冲击靶板间距为6倍管径的条件下,对稳态射流进口雷诺数为6 000的稳态射流及脉冲频率为20 Hz的脉冲射流进行了实验测量,得到了射流核心区、壁面射流区及滞止区内的速度分布。研究发现:①由于射流剪切作用的影响,脉冲射流核心区的最大轴向脉动速度为稳态射流的3倍。②滞止区内,由于射流的剪切作用和壁面的滞止作用,导致了脉冲射流轴向速度梯度最大为稳态射流的2倍,同时,滞止区内的最大脉动速度是稳态射流脉动速度的3倍。③脉冲射流对壁面的卷吸以及旋涡的产生和传播过程,破坏了壁面射流区稳定的速度边界层。相比稳态射流,脉冲射流的流场增加了湍流相干结构的含能并产生周期性的大尺度卷吸涡。 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2020,33(12):3027-3038
Hypersonic and high-enthalpy wind tunnels and their measurement techniques are the cornerstone of the hypersonic flight era that is a dream for human beings to fly faster, higher and further. The great progress has been achieved during the recent years and their critical technologies are still in an urgent need for further development. There are at least four kinds of hypersonic and high-enthalpy wind tunnels that are widely applied over the world and can be classified according to their operation modes. These wind tunnels are named as air-directly-heated hypersonic wind tunnel, light-gas-heated shock tunnel, free-piston-driven shock tunnel and detonation-driven shock tunnel, respectively. The critical technologies for developing the wind tunnels are introduced in this paper, and their merits and weakness are discussed based on wind tunnel performance evaluation. Measurement techniques especially developed for high-enthalpy flows are a part of the hypersonic wind tunnel technology because the flow is a chemically reacting gas motion and its diagnosis needs specially designed instruments. Three kinds of the measurement techniques considered to be of primary importance are introduced here, including the heat flux sensor, the aerodynamic balance, and optical diagnosis techniques. The techniques are developed usually for conventional wind tunnels, but further improved for hypersonic and high-enthalpy tunnels. The hypersonic ground test facilities have provided us with most of valuable experimental data on high-enthalpy flows and will play a more important role in hypersonic research area in the future. Therefore, several prospects for developing hypersonic and high-enthalpy wind tunnels are presented from our point of view. 相似文献
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The real dynamic thrust measurement system usually tends to be nonlinear due to the complex characteristics of the rig, pipes connection, etc. For a real dynamic measuring system,the nonlinearity must be eliminated by some adequate methods. In this paper, a nonlinear model of dynamic thrust measurement system is established by using radial basis function neural network(RBF-NN), where a novel multi-step force generator is designed to stimulate the nonlinearity of the system, and a practical compensation method for the measurement system using left inverse model is proposed. Left inverse model can be considered as a perfect dynamic compensation of the dynamic thrust measurement system, and in practice, it can be approximated by RBF-NN based on least mean square(LMS) algorithms. Different weights are set for producing the multi-step force, which is the ideal input signal of the nonlinear dynamic thrust measurement system. The validity of the compensation method depends on the engine’s performance and the tolerance error0.5%, which is commonly demanded in engineering. Results from simulations and experiments show that the practical compensation using left inverse model based on RBF-NN in dynamic thrust measuring system can yield high tracking accuracy than the conventional methods. 相似文献
28.
Industrial robots are used for automatic drilling and riveting.The absolute position accuracy of an industrial robot is one of the key performance indexes in aircraft assembly,and can be improved through error compensation to meet aircraft assembly requirements.The achievable accuracy and the difficulty of accuracy compensation implementation are closely related to the choice of sampling points.Therefore,based on the error similarity error compensation method,a method for choosing sampling points on a uniform grid is proposed.A simulation is conducted to analyze the influence of the sample point locations on error compensation.In addition,the grid steps of the sampling points are optimized using a statistical analysis method.The method is used to generate grids and optimize the grid steps of a Kuka KR-210 robot.The experimental results show that the method for planning sampling data can be used to effectively optimize the sampling grid.After error compensation,the position accuracy of the robot meets the position accuracy requirements. 相似文献
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